Preceded by pre-test counseling, women should be offered a first trimester ultrasound at 7 to 9 weeks gestation.

The corpus luteum secretes progesterone without ever secreting estogen to stimulate endometrial proliferation.

The earliest sign of an intrauterine pregnancy (IUP) is a small gestational sac seen on transvaginal ultrasound at approximately 4 to 5 weeks.

The epiblast will go on to form the definitive embryo and fetus.

The number of yolk sacs usually correspond to the number of chorions.

The origin of the chorion is different from that of the amnion.

The mean sac diameter (MSD) is calculated by adding 3 orthogonal dimensions of the chorionic cavity and dividing by 3 (Length + Width + Height/3).

First trimester herniation of bowel into the base of the umbilical cord is part of an abnormal developmental sequence.

The main goal of the sonographer is to date the pregnancy and not to determine whether the pregnancy is viable, nonviable, or in an ectopic location.

Two of the criteria for a non-viable pregnancy include the following: CRL of ≥ 7 mm and no evidence of heartbeat and a mean sac diameter (MSD) of ≥ 25 mm and no embryo visualized.

An intrauterine pregnancy (IUP) is typically diagnosed if there is a yolk sac, or a gestational sac with or without a fetal pole or a fetal pole with or without a heart rate.

About 20% of all pregnancies are associated with bleeding and pain during the first trimester.

Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) terminology includes complete hydatidiform mole (CHM), partial hydatidiform mole (PHM), invasive mole, choriocarcinoma, and placental site trophoblastic tumor.

Systematic screening during the late first trimester (11 to 14 week scan) yields an opportunity to define certain fetal abnormalities.

An association between adverse events and the nuchal translucency (NT) most often reaches significance when the NT is ≥ 3.5 mm (> 99th percentile).

The nuchal translucency (NT) measurement may be associated with the risk of fetal cardiac abnormalities.

It is not possible to detect an anterior abdominal wall defect during the first trimester exam.

The classic triad for ectopic pregnancies is a pregnancy presenting with pain, bleeding, and the absence of a mass.

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